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Younghusband
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Younghusband

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May 10th, 2009

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Evolving an answer for war… slowly

Evolution of warfare

Scientific American publishes a puff piece on human warfare in the article Taming Humanity’s Urge to War. On one hand SA seems to take a biological approach, but then muddies the water with the question: “Must lethal conflict be an inevitable part of human culture?”

Is war biological or cultural? No answer is given in the SA article which features a wide range of “causes of warfare” as given by researchers from the University of Utah conference The Evolution of Human Aggression: Lessons for Today’s Conflicts. For those that have studied political science and warfare, this article is simply a roundup of undergrad level polisci issues: Power Disparity, Polarity, Economic Interdependence, Prospect Theory and Resource Warfare (both due to population booms and climate change). Though the article fails to impress, it is nice to see the psychologists, biologists and anthropologists address issues usually relegated to the Humanities Department.

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Ralph Hitchens
May 11, 2009
1:46 pm
Israeli scholar Azar Gat answered this question with a massive cross-disciplinary study, War in Human Civilization. His bottom line is that war is a consequence of the age-old competition over women and resources that began back in the hunter-gatherer era. For most of human history this was a zero-sum game that empowered high-status males; only in recent times has the zero-sum factor receded with the growth of complex, democratic societies mitigating conflict to a considerable degree.