Foreign Policy has just released its Failed States Index for 2006. As my copy of FP is still somewhere over the Atlantic arriving via Luftpost, I’ve had to use the web version thus far. And if you don’t know about it already, FP has a good blog updated a few times a day.

You can view the official map here. The rankings in chart format are here. Since there’s been so much PNM lately, I’d like to point out the obvious, i.e. that there’s almost a perfect match. In addition, it provides an interesting comparison to Dan’s Operationalizing the Gap where he uses specific variables to quantify and measure Gapness. Here’s what FP measured:

  • Mounting demographic pressures

  • Massive movement of refugees and internally displaced peoples

  • Legacy of vengeance – seeking group grievance

  • Chronic and sustained human flight

  • Uneven economic development along group lines

  • Sharp and/or severe economic decline

  • Criminalisation and delegitimisation of the state

  • Progressive deterioration of public services

  • Widespread violation of human rights

  • Security apparatus as “state within a state”

  • Rise of factionalised elites

  • Intervention of other states or external actors

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COMMENTS / 21 COMMENTS

[...] Frequent commentor Elizabeth noted on Chirol’s post last week about FP’s Failed States Index There’s a reason why some of us wouldn’t attempt to make such a index, knowing how foolish and vain it would be to assume we could quantify chaos and anarchy on a global scale and make comparisons. [...]

ComingAnarchy.com » Blog Archive » Quantitative analysis: The AHP added these pithy words on May 08 06 at 10:47 pm

* Mounting demographic pressures

* Massive movement of refugees and internally displaced peoples
* Legacy of vengeance ““ seeking group grievance
* Chronic and sustained human flight
* Uneven economic development along group lines
* Sharp and/or severe economic decline
* Criminalisation and delegitimisation of the state
* Progressive deterioration of public services
* Widespread violation of human rights
* Security apparatus as “state within a state”Â?
* Rise of factionalised elites

* Intervention of other states or external actors

Whew. How alarming it would have been had a large number of said indicia been directly applicable to the contemporary United States!

I suppose that we can all heave a sigh of relief now.

marquer added these pithy words on 02 May 06 at 6:54 pm

Marquer,

May want to do some more research on the US. The Dow just hit its highest ever as the economy seeks to grow, and the rest of your stuff seems politically motavated. Massive movement of refugees?

Catholicgauze added these pithy words on 02 May 06 at 10:05 pm


The Dow just hit its highest ever as the economy seeks to grow, and the rest of your stuff seems politically motavated. Massive movement of refugees?

There was a small event called Hurricane Katrina. Perhaps you’ve heard of it? One of the largest involuntary relocations of US citizens in living memory. And one which could have been forestalled by a functioning government, rather than a kleptocracy (note that I consider the municipal government of N’Awlins, the state government of Lousiana, and the US federal government to alike fall under the aegis of that term).

As for the Dow, there’s an old saying which I am certain will be familiar to CA regulars, to the effect that amateur generals study tactics and strategy, while superior ones study logistics. The economic analogue is that amateur economists view the stock market as a bellwether of economic health. Professionals watch the currency. Which, in the case of the dollar, was looking quite dire and shopworn in today’s forex.

I had an Argentinian friend who was prospering during the early Menem years, and who told me it was all onward and upward from there. I told him to send me an e-mail ten years from that date with a report on how well that was working out. Haven’t heard from him since the IMF intervention. I suspect that he may no longer be able to afford an Internet connection.

In like manner, I had a raft of friends who worked for dot-com companies in the late Nineties. To a man, they told me that it was all onward and upward from there. Virtually all of them ended up waiting tables and changing oil for a living.

Cheap money and competitive devaluations produce flashy short-term booms but exact a dire long-term price. This is not the road to Valhalla on which we ride. it is the road to Weimar.

marquer added these pithy words on 02 May 06 at 11:32 pm

I think there is a difference between flooding refuges and refuges caused by war and civil strife. Plus while the move out of New Oreleans was massive it was for only parts of one city. Not whole regions like or Afghanistan or Sudan. Also,
The 90s bubble was bulit on hype while this is an all around growth in all sectors.

Other points like “Criminalisation and delegitimisation of the state,” calling the governments “kleptocracy” and comparing our growing economy to Weimar show extremeism.

Catholicgauze added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 12:29 am

marquer, get a grip. The US is far from perfect, but are you somehow claiming that the US is equivalent to such failed states as Congo, Sudan, Liberia? Please enlighten us as to a better place to live than the US, one that of course has none of the above failings.

snow added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 2:43 am

Snow,

I know where! Vatican City! Many anti-Catholics in the 1800s feared a Catholic Army would take over America and the world. I say why risk it? Convert and move now!

Catholicgauze added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 4:08 am

questions:

1. lowest score in the table: 2.3, external invention on china. bravo hu jingtao!
2. where can i find the scores beyond #61?
3. why is mongolia and UK in the same group? is this the PNMap?
4. what are the color codes? why are iceland and madagascar/lesotho/swaziland/kuwait/UAE/Bahrain/Qatar in the same group? what has iceland done to deserve this?
5. where the hell id our beautiful island of taiwan in the map?

sun bin added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 6:50 am

ohh..i missed eq. guinea’s 2.0 for exporting refugee.
i am curious about how this is calculated, NK scored a decent 6.0.
perhaps no one is ‘displaced’ involuntarily in NK, everyone who left are voluntary departure?

sun bin added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 6:56 am

I was really surprised by that list. Pakistan comes in as worse of a failed state than Afghanistan? Have they been to Pakistan and Afghanistan? I really can’t stand Pakistan as a place to be, but come on.

Turkmenistan is also rated as less of a failure than Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Russia. Turkmenistan??? Well, now we know what Uzbekistan is aspiring to. Tajikistan was rated better than Russian in implementing human rights. Well, sure, if they don’t just shoot you and have done with it, and if it doesn’t count that your entire population is refraining from taking risks at rebellion because they’ve already suffered war, then sure, why not? It’s much better.

I know that Egypt has, well, issues. Nobody’s denying it. But one wonders how they could have ranked worse, on so many factors, than Syria and Eritrea.

I also don’t get how Kirgizstan came in worse than Syria as well. Okay, it’s not the fascism index. Still- I mean really, when you think of a state, you think, “makes the place liveable”, and even taking climate into account, where would you rather live, really?

Serbia and Montenegro also ranked better than Russia, thanks in part to their low rankings in human flight (what??? are they counting in absolute figures, not percentages?) and demographic pressures. I guess because all the Muslims there already left, or something?

That was somewhat counter-intuitive and contrary to my personal experience of the states I’ve lived in.

Elizabeth added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 7:57 am

The FP Failed States Index, which comes out every year, is not exactly the most robust index of its kind. For example, the groupings (Red – Critical, Orange – In Danger, Yellow – Borderline) are completely arbitrary: they just take the bottom 20, the next 20 and the next next 20 and violá! Also, I have some problems with the Conflict Assessment System Tool (CAST), which is based on trawling and ranking appearances in the media. We here at Coming Anarchy know there is all kinds of strife not covered by the media. There is obviously an unproportional amount of news out there on Sudan in the past year, hence it’s drop in the charts.

Regardless, developing a faiiled states index is an extremely difficult task, one that you don’t really appreciate until you try to create your own.

Younghusband added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 2:01 pm

Hey, just wanted to let you all know that Fund for Peace ( http://fundforpeace.org/ ) are the coauthors of the index. They are a pretty noteworthy organization that does a lot to combat weapons smuggling, etc. across the globe.

Alec added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 3:57 pm

marquer, get a grip. The US is far from perfect, but are you somehow claiming that the US is equivalent to such failed states as Congo, Sudan, Liberia?

No, of course not.

What I am suggesting is that triumphalist rhetoric with regard to the US and its prospects is grossly misplaced. Americans still believe that they are citizens of a superpower. They certainly used to be. They are not now.

Superpowers are not broke. This country is dead flat broke, financially overextended to a degree which should alarm any informed citizen. During my lifetime, and I’m not that old, we have seen America go from being the planet’s biggest and most reputable creditor nation to being its most irresponsible and wastrel debtor.

Superpowers can exercise their will militarily when necessary, without fear that someone will choke their oil jugular or shut off the E-Z Credit on which the continuation of the entire enterprise is perilously dependent. This country can not do that any longer, either. We cannot even deal plausibly and efficaciously with the barking-mad Ahmadinejad without panic at the thought of $5 gasoline.

I am halfway through Empire Wilderness, and the themes of imperial overstretch and of America as a failed state in the making suffuse large reaches of the book. Just as with the original Coming Anarchy essay, I endorse Kaplan’s analysis and agree with his assessment of the risks.

As for Catholicgauze, well, the less said the better about anyone who can and does say, with a straight face, of the contemporary US economy, that “this is an all around growth in all sectors.” The US manufacturing sector in particular is undergoing the largest contraction in employment and in production capability in modern history. Icons of industry such as General Motors—General Freaking Motors!—are teetering on the verge of Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

During the 1940s, the assembly lines of GM and other firms in its cohort built the tanks and aircraft which beat back fascism. Best hope that no such challenge ever again arises, because America no longer has the industrial base with which to perform such feats. And the foundational businesses which underlaid the GMs and Fords, such as American machine tool companies, are atrophied as well.

Returning to the earlier theme, genuine superpowers are able to build their own weaponry independently and indigenously. Can the United States do that today? In a pig’s eye. There have been several times in recent years when the Pentagon’s stock of conventional cruise missiles has bottomed out, and crash production has been required. Yet in a future circumstance, that may not be possible.

Read up on Magnequench: a US firm which originated and built, in the US, with US employees, a critical technology for guided weapons. Surely we would have the sense to retain such a strategic necessity under domestic control, yes?

No. Magnequench was bought out by the Chinese People’s Liberation Army via a shadow intermediary. After swearing piously to keep the lines here open, they quietly bundled up the factory tooling down to the handles on the restroom doors and moved it to the PRC, lock stock and barrel. (A colloquialism which derives from firearms manufacture, ironically enough.)

marquer added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 5:09 pm

Just to echo Sun Bin, but what happened to our verdant betelnut isle? Also what gives, FP handed a hunck of China’s western frontier to India.

Jing added these pithy words on 03 May 06 at 9:06 pm

hmm…the map is more sloppy than i thought.
kashmir, cyprus, western sahara, to name but a few.

if it is actual control area. aksai chin, cyrpus all wrong
if for political correctness, w sahara is wrong

conspiracy?

p.s. solomo islands was in a big mess since a few years ago. but i couldn’t find its name in the list.

sun bin added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 2:04 am

marquer, interesting examples of failings in corporate America. I agree there are plenty of problems, but I certainly wouldn’t count US capitalism out, the US is still the largest economy and the engine of the world economy and it will be for quite some time yet.

As far as equating the US with the severe failings of failed states, though, it’s ridiculous at this point. I think there are going to be a lot of changes in the world over the next century, including the rise of China and India, and the only way the US and other Western countries will be able to stay ahead of the game is to innovate, innovate, innovate. At the same time, I think the US should watch its rivals like a hawk and make better strategic moves, militarily and economically to ensure its power.

By equating the problems of failed states with those of the US, you sounded like a typical far-left nut, though I see that that’s not where you’re coming from (at least I don’t think that’s where you’re coming from, right?).

snow added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 2:38 am

Younghusband- There’s a reason why some of us wouldn’t attempt to make such a index, knowing how foolish and vain it would be to assume we could quantify chaos and anarchy on a global scale and make comparisons. At least, I would assume it would take a concerted effort of having people live in the countries, with set indicators at the beginning of the year, and having them meet quarterly to discuss how their countries are doing on those factors in a 1-week conference. They didn’t even do this: it’s the hubris that is annoying more than the failure, though the failure is on such a scale that it does appear they didn’t even convene, say, a group of people who’d been living in the countries to ask them what they thought of the situation.

Elizabeth added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 4:29 am


By equating the problems of failed states with those of the US, you sounded like a typical far-left nut, though I see that that’s not where you’re coming from (at least I don’t think that’s where you’re coming from, right?).

Over at Steve Gilliard’s blog a few weeks ago, in the course of a discussion in comments about Iran policy, I noted that the mullahs had, during their nasty little war with Saddam, deliberately goaded children to walk across Iraqi minefields as an inexpensive and easily replenished mine clearing device.

That assertion got me accused of being a far right-wing nut, and a professional propagandist for the Bush administration, one in receipt of pay stubs from Lincoln Group!

I think that this is all to the good. If the right wing thinks that I’m a leftist provocateur, and the left are convinced that I’m a covert right-wing operative, then my credentials as an unclassifiable iconoclast are reasonably secure.

marquer added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 6:05 am

The United STATES? BAd disaster and inane response do not make a failed state. It is China that fits the bill on this one, and the implications are global. Sitting on an ongoing ecological disaster, 350,000,000 million people are moving to the Eastern cities. The recent crackdowns on dissent are gaining in intensity, the gap between haves and have nots continues to grow.

The herald economic growth is unsustainable and the first signs of decline are begininng to show.
There is no outlet for grievances, a pressure cooker building to the explosion.
An alternative exists which terrifies Beijing, in Taiwan the citizens can vote and determine who leads them. This is a huge threat to Beijing. Chinese citizens are now aware of an alternative!
The internet and IT is the external threat ripping at the governments authority.

The failure of China and the damage to its 5000 years of civilazation would be an enourmous loss. But the damage to the world economic system would be devastating! Sorry for the incoherent post, just got off the Beijing to Yantai trainand rode standing room so I have not sit down or slept in 24 hours.

Ron Patterson added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 10:09 am

Elizabeth said:
Younghusband- There’s a reason why some of us wouldn’t attempt to make such a index, knowing how foolish and vain it would be to assume we could quantify chaos and anarchy on a global scale and make comparisons.

Obviously there is no such thing as a perfect model, but even a general idea of where states are — and which direction they are going — could be an invaluable tool for policymakers. Difficult yes, “foolish and vain” I disagree. Models and indices can provide points of reference that are not arbitrary, even if they lack a certain pinpoint accuracy. There is only so much aid and development money going around, and being able to see how well a country is tracking, and where money could be best spent, could help prevent wasted cash and assist in making an actual difference.

The problem with the FP model is that it doesn’t seem to measure state failure as much as it measures the perception of state failure.

Younghusband added these pithy words on 04 May 06 at 9:24 pm

The United STATES? BAd disaster and inane response do not make a failed state. It is China that fits the bill on this one, and the implications are global.

I’m entirely ready to discuss China as a potentially failed state in the making. In fact, it’s hard to find large countries these days which do not qualify on that count!

The failure of China and the damage to its 5000 years of civilazation would be an enourmous loss. But the damage to the world economic system would be devastating! Sorry for the incoherent post, just got off the Beijing to Yantai trainand rode standing room so I have not sit down or slept in 24 hours.

Would be fascinated to hear more of your impressions once you are rested.

If China goes down, the US economy will do badly out of the bargain. We are addicted to inflows of cheap foreign capital to subsidize our bad habits. And much of that is theirs.

marquer added these pithy words on 05 May 06 at 6:33 pm
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