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Curzon
Author

Curzon

Date

June 15th, 2005

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Oprah is a Zulu?

From the BBC:

The African-American chat-show host announced during a recent visit to South Africa that she had had a DNA test that had shown her to be a Zulu.She also told South Africans she felt “at home” in the country. “I went in search of my roots and had my DNA tested, and I am a Zulu,” Ms Winfrey said at a seminar in Johannesburg last week. Professor Himla Soodyall of South Africa’s National Health Laboratory Service said it was likely that Oprah Winfrey would have taken a mitochondrial DNA test.

Problem is, that doesn’t really mean much of anything in regards to, say, the reality of Zulu history, which began as just one of many tribes in South Africa in the 18th century. It’s sort of like me saying that I could genetically link my ancestry to American colonists in North Carolina, when in fact 300-400 years ago is not enough to give any real reliability.

There is not much to distinguish between various linguistic groups, particularly the different language groups spoken in southern Africa, because they have diversified more recently – perhaps within the past 1,000-1,500 years – than genetic differences which have been evolving in our species for about 150,000 years ago,” she said. This could, however, explain how Ms Winfrey’s DNA matched with a sample from a Zulu person, even though most African-Americans have ancestors who have been traced to west Africa as a consequence of the slave trade. According to most historical accounts, the Zulu nation was consolidated only after the departure of slaves from west Africa to the Americas.

Finally, considering Ms. Winfrey’s success and wealth, I really, really wonder how true this is:

“I’m crazy about the South African accent,” she said. “I wish I had been born here.”

Comments to this entry

Mike
June 16, 2005
12:37 am
Genealogy must be a nightmare for black people in America (or anywhere in the Western Hemisphere) because slaves from all over Africa were mixed together, not to mention mixed with white people (90% of black people have some amount of white ancestry in the not too distant past). Chronologically slaves came from West Africa, then Nigeria, then the Bight of Biafra, then what is now Angola and Mozambique as each region was shutdown as a source of slaves. After the slaves were emancipated and many moved north in the coming years the situation (genetically speaking) only got more muddled. I honestly don't know how Oprah knows she is a Zulu.
Nathan
June 16, 2005
4:36 am
It says right in the story that it's because of her mitochondrial DNA. But... It's true that historically and practically this is meaningless even if her DNA bears resemblance to modern Zulu mitochondrial DNA. Doesn't this only mean that she has a direct female ancestor from there?

You can do the same thing with genetic markers on the Y-Chromosome. Actually, Spencer Wells has an interesting book and documentary about this in which he tracks human migration this way. He mentions doing tests with a handful of men in the UK of different ethnic backgrounds. One of them, a Caribbean, ended up having European rather than African markers on his Y chromosome. He was apparently devastated to learn that despite having only black living relatives, he was a direct descendant of a white man. (His family had some kind of proud Zulu warrior myth or something.) The testing can tell us interesting things about our ancestors (well, in cases like mDNA or Y chromosome markers, one ancestor), but doesn't really capture genetically who we are. Hell, I'd say genes are a pretty bad foundation for one's identity period.

BTW, I'm totally 1/64 Cherokee (or Chickasaw, but who's paying attention) so, you know, that's totally who I am and stuff. (Though, we do like to point out we're more Native American than Ward Churchill.)
Dave Schuler
June 16, 2005
2:53 pm
This is about status. Being ethnically Zulu has higher status here than being Guro (for reasons that elude me). The testing company is doing prudent marketing.
Dusty
June 16, 2005
3:16 pm
Mike kind of hits the mark with his point that "genealogy must be a nightmare for black people in America ..." And for those who are interested in their ancestry, which everyone, I'm sure, is at some point in their life to one degree or another, the desire to define it in some small way will pull you to the spot where Oprah is now talking.

But it is good to keep in mind a couple of things about this. One is that her desire to know wasn't based on any serious scientific interest in her genealogy or she would have acknowledged that Zulu is only part of her genealogy.

The other is that, and now I'm considering the last part of your post, Curzon, but from a different angle, Ms. Winfrey is using it as useful fodder for self-promotion. I doubt very much that she meant she likes the accent patterns of the Zulu language that *we hear so often on television and at the movies.* And her nostalgic-like wish to have been born in South Africa, so she could be South African, language and all, is what is called connecting. At least she did it much better and more gracefully than Hillary did in New Zealand and she did it without lying.

But I'll grant Ms. Winfrey's fantasy as being a whimsy similar to my sometimes thought about having been born a Viking so I could have worn furry vests to look bigger than I am and horned caps so people would run at the site of me (for reasons different than they do now.) The difference between her whimsy and mine is her's will likely be profitable. Ms. Winfrey has begun another meme for her show, inspired her followers to find their roots and also connected with them in another way, and possibly upped viewer share for the show as a result. That's show business and she is good at it.
Sara
July 11, 2005
12:24 pm
I must confess, it all seems rather strange. As a South African myself, I can testify to the recent marketing hype around South Africa in general, particularly as a result of the abolishion of apartheid and Nelson Mandela etc. while this has had some fantastic implications for us (people actually like South Africa now and its value as a country is recognised as never before) and investors are showing an interest in our economy, it's hip to be SA, particularly Black SA. Such marketing gimmics such as Oprah's announcenment that serve to highlight culturally different subgroups within the South African nation do not help us to achieve the unity that we seek as an individual nation. We are all South Africans after all. Ms. Winfrey should consider the impact that her actions have on the perceptions of those ignorant of the facts. She is propagating a tribalistic point-of-view and implying that some tribes are better than others (you won't hear Oprah claiming that she is Pedi or Tswana) which is a perspective we have been struggling to combat.
Mageba
July 30, 2005
1:24 pm
I would ask that anyone seriously interested in the validity of Oprah' claim should check with the Indlunkhulu (Zulu royal family). There were indeed AmaZulu people taken to America by way of England in the 1800's. As a descendent I am recognized as a pure Zulu by virtue of my decsendancy from Intonga Zulu. This recognitions extends to the organization of royal family (Ubumbano lwabantwana) headed by Mntwana Patric kaSoloman Zulu. Zulu's taken to the UnitedStates were sent by Ingonyama Shaka kaSenzangakhona to learn European technology and were later diverted to Virgina. This information is known by many people in KwaZulu. As far as identification we take our ethnic identity from the paternal side.
Softshade
August 18, 2005
9:15 pm
I find Mageba's point fascinating. I think it's also important to realize that just because slaves were shipped to America from West Africa, doesn't mean that they necessarily originated only in West Africa. Another point is that the Zulu database must be huge and overlapping with Xhosa, Ndebele, Pedi, Tsonga, Shona, etc., groups, and so I wonder what samples the researchers are using to define "Zulu" geneaology. This could lead to some great confusion for people who are looking to get tested and misidentify what they may believe to be part of their African ancestry.
ssmith
September 14, 2005
6:37 pm
Let me just say whether this is true or not that such a test exist, who cares! Give her a break she clearly is someone who searches for an identity. She instead of looking in the mirror and being proud of the one she has; she continues to use all types of markers set by this world to determine her self worth.
The new craze of mapping ones genealogy is spreading through the white community like wild fire and now spawns many new ways for others to make money off them. Many Black people in the Diaspora will or cannot be so lucky. We may find incomplete histories of our lineage and therefore continue to feed the great disconnect. This is something many of us have been successful in combating.
As it seems to me no one wants to rush to the bottom, which is where most in this world place Black people. As one of those proud Black people I think if such a test were available White people around the world should worry more as they will then be very sure that the cradle of mankind was Africa and we are all in fact Black people.
"Human rights first and the rest will follow!"